2000例煤矿工人冠心病发病情况及相关因素分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the prevalence of coronary heart disease and its related factors in 2 000 coal miners. Methods From January 2008 to January 2014,a total 3 500 patients received coronary angiography were selected in the Central Hospital of Laiwu,Xinwen Mining Industry Group. All of them have chest distress and chest pain,suspected as angina pectoris;and they were divided into A group(coal miners,n = 2 000) and B group( non coal miners,n = 1 500) according to the occupation. Gender,age,incidence of obesity,past medical history( including hypertension and diabetes), family history of early onset coronary artery disease,smoking,drinking,TG,LDL,HDL were compared between the two groups. Results The relevance ratio of A group was 91. 5% ,was statistically significantly higher than that of B group of 75. 5%(P ﹤ 0. 05). Age and incidence of single - vessel lesion of A group were statistically significantly lower than those of B group(P﹤ 0. 05);TG,LDL,proportion of male,incidence of obesity,positive rate of post hypertension and diabetes histories, smoking rate,drinking rate,incidence of double - vessel and multi - vessel lesion of A group were statistically significantly higher than those of B group(P ﹤ 0. 05);while no statistically significant differences of HDL or positive rate of family history of early onset coronary artery disease was found between the two groups(P ﹥ 0. 05). Conclusion The relevance ratio of coronary heart disease is relatively high in coal miners,and always complicates with multiple risk factors of coronary heart disease,such as hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,obesity,smoking,drinking,that should pay more attentions to and take relevant interventions.%目的：分析2000例煤矿工人冠心病发病情况及相关因素。方法选择2008年1月—2014年1月在新汶矿业集团莱芜中心医院进行冠状动脉造影（CAG）检查者3500例，均具有胸闷、胸痛等心绞痛症状，根据其职业分为煤矿工人组2000例和非煤矿工人组1500例。记录两组受检者性别、年龄、肥胖发生情况、既往史（高血压和糖尿病）、早发冠心病家族史、吸烟及饮酒情况、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）等，并进行比较。结果煤矿工人组受检者冠心病检出率为91.5%，高于非煤矿工人组的75.5%（P ﹤0.05）。煤矿工人组受检者年龄、单支病变发生率低于非煤矿工人组，TG 水平、LDL 水平、男性所占比例、肥胖发生率、高血压病史阳性率、糖尿病病史阳性率、吸烟率、饮酒率、双支病变发生率、多支病变发生率高于非煤矿工人组（P ﹤0.05）；两组受检者 HDL 水平、早发冠心病家族史阳性率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P ﹥0.05）。结论煤矿工人冠心病检出率较高，且具有较多的冠心病高危因素，如高血压、糖尿病、脂质代谢异常、肥胖、吸烟、饮酒等，应引起足够重视并采取相应干预措施。