印度大停电与继电保护的三大功能

摘要

On July 30 and 31, 2012, India experienced two electric power blackouts. These two blackouts were both triggered by tripping of zone-3 distance relay of the same transmission line due to overload, and caused unreasonable action of other relays which resulted in cascading trip and led to widespread power blackouts. India's blackouts have exposed the vulnerability of the existing power system, especially the defects of protective relay in case of overload and power swing. Based on the analysis of relay actions in the blackouts, this paper proposes three functions of protective relay to meet the security demand of modern power grid, which are system protection function for security of power system, preventive protection function and the function of rapid removal of fault equipment.%　　简介了印度电网在2012年7月30日和7月31日发生的两起大停电事故。两起事故均起源于同一回输电线路距离保护 III 段因过负荷保护动作跳闸，并导致其他设备继电保护的不合理动作而引发连锁跳闸，造成大面积停电。印度大停电事故暴露了现有电力系统的脆弱性，尤其是继电保护在过负荷和系统振荡情况下的动作缺陷。基于对停电事故中继电保护行为的分析，提出了满足现代电网需求的继电保护三大功能：面向系统安全的系统保护功能、预防性保护功能和快速切除故障设备功能。