The article attempts to evaluate the current country and regional reserves to reduce mortality in Russia. Identified are potential to reduce mortality in comparison with comparable international bench-marks in growth and the growth of life expectancy at birth.Russia in comparison to developed and emerging countries has a substantial excess in the main causes of death:external causes;in infectious and parasitic diseases;by malignant neoplasms;diseases of the circulatory system;respiratory diseases(except for China);for reasons of digestive diseases(except Mexico).Russian life expectancy of the population may be improved by reducing mortality from all of the above reasons.Range of circumstances,adversely affect-ing the health situation of the population in the Post-Soviet Russia is still"lost health capital"in the period preceding the collapse of the Soviet Union,and the 1990s.Rated current regional potential to reduce mortal-ity is"hidden"in the differences between the region leading in terms of life expectancy(except extremes) and all the rest of the country.In conclusion there are the graphs that reveal the life expectancy of men and women.%在后苏联时代,俄罗斯人民的生活条件非常艰难,第二次世界大战给俄罗斯遗留了大量的残疾人口.俄罗斯人有抽烟、酗酒等不良生活习惯,这不仅存在男性人口之中,女性人口中的比例同样很高,再加上恶劣的气候条件,不合理的饮食习惯,不健康的饮酒方式,缺乏体育锻炼等,使得俄罗斯人口的死亡率一直居高不下,人口预期寿命远远低于世界平均水平,不仅远远低于日本、欧美等发达国家,也低于白俄罗斯和乌克兰等国,甚至低于与俄罗斯有着相似历史经历的韩国和墨西哥.保证居民健康和人口的稳定发展是维系一个国家发展的根本之道.当今世界,日本、欧美等各国的人口预期寿命都在持续增长,而俄罗斯人口的预期寿命却增长缓慢,这无形中拉大了俄罗斯与世界发达国家的差距.因此如何降低人口死亡率、提高人口预期寿命已经成为俄罗斯政府急需解决的社会难题.本文通过具体的资料数据对比一般地区与极端地区人口的预期寿命,分析俄罗斯与世界人口预期寿命的具体差距,推测出俄罗斯人口预期寿命的可增长空间.
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