中国老年人的躯体功能对死亡风险的影响

摘要

健康受到生理的、心理的以及社会的多种因素的综合影响。在世界人口老龄化日趋严峻的背景下，研究老年人特别是研究老年人口众多的中国老年人的健康状况和死亡风险及其影响因素具有重要的现实意义。通过分析全国老年人口健康状况调查（ CLHLS）2002－2011年纵向数据，建立Cox等比例风险模型，研究发现了中国老年人的躯体功能对死亡风险有显著的影响， ADL、 IADL和LOA／LOM好的老年人比差的老年人的死亡风险分别低了25％、18％和5％；另外，慢性病、性别、年龄、民族、城乡与区域、职业地位和主要收入来源、活动参与和生病照料者也对死亡风险有显著的影响。%Health is influenced by physical, psychological and social factors synthetically. Since the world ’ s aging is increasingly severe, it ’ s important and meaningful to study the Chinese elderly’ s health and hazard rate and their factors. It is especially important in China because the number of Chinese elderly is the largest. Using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey ( CLHLS) 2002-2011 and applying Cox proportional hazards model, the research analyses the relationship between physical functions, mortality hazard rate and factors. The results show that Chinese elderly ’ s physical functions have significant impacts on their mortality hazard rate, and the mortality hazard rate of the elderly with good ADL, IADL and LOA/LOM are lower than those of the elderly with poor ones significantly, respectively 25%, 18%, 5%. In addition, chronic illness, gender, age, ethnicity, rural/urban and region, occupational status and main source of income, activities participation, and caregivers for the sick have significant effects on the Chinese elderly’ s mortality hazard rate.