技术创新与企业就业效应--基于微观企业调查数据的实证分析

摘要

Based on the 2012 World Bank survey data about China industrial enterprises, this paper analyzed the employment effect of technology innovation in short term from the perspectives of process innovation, product innovation and enterprise R&D. The results show that:the relationship between process innovation and employment growth is significantly negative; the relationship between product innovation and employment growth is also significantly negative; enterprise R&D has negative effect on employment growth, but this impact is weaker. Compared with east coastal area, the employment replacement effect of technology innovation in central and western regions is more obvious. In view of the above results, we put forward some corresponding countermeasures about the existing technology innovation patterns and policies.%利用2012年世界银行关于中国工业企业的调查数据，从流程创新、产品创新和企业研发三个维度分析了短期内技术创新对就业增长的影响。结果显示，流程创新与就业增长显著负相关；产品创新与就业增长显著负相关；企业研发与就业增长负相关，但较前两者显著性较弱。进一步研究发现，与东部沿海地区相比，中西部地区技术创新的就业替代效应更为明显。鉴于上述研究结果，对现有技术创新方式和政策提出相应的对策建议。