双组分水性形状记忆聚氨酯的合成及其涂层胶应用研究∗

摘要

The hydroxyl terminated waterborne polyurethanes( WPUs) based on polycaprolactone diol( PCL) and toluene diisocyanate(TDI) were synthesized. The two⁃component waterborne shape memory polyurethanes (2K⁃WPUs) were formulated with water⁃dispersible polyisocyanate crosslinker and the WPUs. The fabrics coated with the 2K⁃WPUs were prepared. The influences of molecular of PCL and dosage of the crosslinker on thermal proper⁃ties of 2K⁃WPU films and on the thermal⁃sensitive water vapor permeability (WVP) of the coated fabrics were in⁃vestigated. The results showed that the coated fabrics exhibited significant thermal⁃sensitive WVP with appropriate dosage of crosslinker. The WVP of some coated fabrics increased by 4~8 times in the temperature range 35~50℃and the static water pressure resistance was higher than 5 kPa.%由聚己内酯二醇（ PCL）和甲苯二异氰酸酯为主原料合成了端羟基水性聚氨酯，与可水分散多异氰酸酯交联剂组成双组分水性形状记忆聚氨酯（2K⁃WPU）涂层胶。研究了PCL相对分子质量和交联剂用量对2K⁃WPU薄膜的热性能、结晶性能以及对涂层织物的温敏透湿性能和耐静水压等性能的影响。结果表明，PCL相对分子质量高的2K⁃WPU结晶性好；选择合适的交联剂用量，可以使2K⁃WPU涂层织物显示较好温敏透湿性能，透湿量在35～50℃的温升范围内提高了4～8倍，耐静水压达到5 kP a以上。