云南不同地区和生境代表性热带植物区系的物种组成比较

摘要

The tropical floras in Yunnan,China,are well-known for their complicated geographical elements and extremely high species diversity.We focused on three regional tropical floras in Yunnan to explore their floristic diversity and similarity.We compared differences in species richness,within-family diversity,geographic elements and floristic similarity.We found that genera with tropical elements were dominant in the three regional tropical floras.Low percentage of common species,high variance of within-family diversity,and low floristic similarities among the three regional tropical floras revealed that geography and habitat characteristics had affected floral evolution in Yunnan.%云南热带植物区系地理成分复杂,生物多样性极其丰富.为了解不同地区和生境热带植物区系的物种组成差异,本文选取云南南部和东南部3个有代表性的热带植物区系——西双版纳龙脑香林植物区系(DFX)、西双版纳石灰岩山植物区系(LFX)和文山古林箐石灰岩山植物区系(LFG)为研究对象,比较不同植物区系的科属数量结构、科内多样性、科属分布区类型及植物区系相似性.研究结果显示:(1)3个热带植物区系均具有较高的物种多样性,但种类组成、科属数量结构及科内多样性差异较大;(2)热带分布的科、属在3个热带植物区系中均占绝对优势;(3)3个热带植物区系的共有物种极少,而专有物种(即在3个植物区系之间相对专有)相对较多,植物区系之间的种级相似性极低.云南不同地区和生境热带植物区系强烈的热带亲缘、物种组成的多样性和复杂性以及较低的植物区系相似性,揭示了地理和生境差异会影响各地热带植物区系的演化与发展.