中石化洛阳工程有限公司(LPEC)开发了一种把浅度的热裂化反应和深度的热裂化反应有机地结合起来的劣质重油加工新工艺,该技术可改善延迟焦化装置进料性质、延长加热炉的运行周期、提高液体产品收率.在LPEC中型实验装置上,利用一套装置一个加热炉考察了浅度热裂化反应对焦化加热炉辐射段进料性质的影响及减缓炉管结焦的效果.结果表明:当反应温度由400℃提高到410℃,冷油停留时间由14.8 min延长到66.9 min时,重油轻质化效果明显,黏度显著降低,减黏率由34.60％提高到90.80％；但过高的减黏率会加剧甲苯不溶物的生成,不利于工业装置的长周期安全运行,因此应选择适宜的操作条件把减黏率控制在一定范围之内.%A new low-quality heavy oil processing process which integrates mild thermal cracking reaction and deep thermal cracking reaction has been successfully developed by SINOPEC Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Corporation. The application of this process can improve the feedstock properties of delayed coker, extend the operating cycle of furnace and increase the liquid product yields. The impacts of mild thermal cracking on the properties of feedstock of radiation section of delayed coker furnace and mitigation of coking on furnace tubes were studied in a unit with a furnace. The results show that, when the reaction temperature is elevated from 400℃ to 410℃ and residence time is extended from 14. 8 minutes to 66.9 minutes, the heavy oil is apparently converted into light oil and viscosity is obviously reduced. The visbreaking rate is increased to 90.8% from 34.6%. Excessively high visbreaking will accelerate the formation of toluene insolubles, which is not favorable for the long-term operation of the unit. Therefore, appropriate operating conditions should be selected to control the visbreaking rate within a desired range.
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