For the problems of current heavy oil soluble viscosity reducer,such as typically low adaptability and low viscosity reduction performance,herein,we design a new kind of branch-type heavy oil soluble viscosity reducer. It contained polar group and alkyl group, the polar group can reduce the hydrogen bond between colloid and asphaltene in heavy oil, and alkyl group can increase reducer's solubility and effectiveness. This new kind of branch-type heavy oil soluble viscosity reducer is designed and synthesized through two steps. The optimal synthetic conditions are obtained by studying the factor of synthesis: the molar ratio of gly-col, epichlorohydrin and stearyl chloride are 4:4:1.5; and the first step of principal chain reaction temperature is 110℃, the reaction time is 8 h and the accelerator N is 1.4% ( mass fraction) ;the second step of graft reaction temperature is 110℃ and the reaction time is 14 h. The branch-type heavy oil soluble viscosity reducer possesses certain viscosity reducing ability for heavy oil and the viscosity breaking rate of 49% ,and the structures are characterized through FTIR,structure is in accordance with which we designed.%针对目前油溶性稠油降粘剂存在的选择性强和降粘效果差等问题,研制了一种油溶性枝型稠油降粘剂,该降粘剂分子结构中含有极性基团和烷基.极性基团可以降低稠油中胶质和沥青质的氢键作用,烷基可以增加油溶性枝型稠油降粘剂的溶解能力,从而提高其降粘效果.油溶性枝型稠油降粘剂通过2步法合成得到,通过对其合成条件的讨论发现,该油溶性枝型稠油降粘剂的最佳合成条件为:乙二醇、环氧氯丙烷和十八酰氯的摩尔分数之比为4∶4∶1.5；第1步主链反应温度为110℃,反应时间为8h,促进剂N的质量分数为1.4％；第2步接枝反应温度为110℃,反应时间为14 h.研制的油溶性枝型稠油降粘剂降粘率可达49％；红外光谱对其结构的表征结果显示,其结构与设计结构一致.
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