原油中难以分辨的复杂混合物研究进展

摘要

Unresolved complex mixtures (UCM) usually refer to hydrocarbons existing in crude oils (especially biodegraded oils). They are difficult to distinguish with normal GC, and include over 250 000 types of compounds. The effective discrimination of UCM may provide new geochemical information for crude oil genesis analysis, production, refinement as well as residual oil pollution evaluation and treatment. Rather than the definition of UCM, it is also discussed in this paper the experiment technology progress and the compound features of UCM as well as the applications in petroleum exploration, development and environment protection. The problems in UCM studies and the future targets are also pointed out.%普通一维气相色谱中难以分辨的复杂混合物(UCM)是指普遍存在于原油(尤其是生物降解油)中的烃类化合物,其包含化合物数目可多达250 000个,对其有效分辨可为原油(特别是生物降解油)成因、开采、炼制和残油环境污染评价及治理等研究提供大量以前未被发掘的地球化学信息.文章在阐述UCM定义的基础上,对UCM研究的实验技术进展、UCM化合物特征及其在石油勘探、开发和环境保护等领域的应用进行全面综述,并指出当前UCM研究存在的问题和进一步研究的方向.