Method of Distilling and Separating Unequally Volatile Elements contained in a Complex Mixture, particularly in a Mixture of Hydrocarbons, such for Example as Naphtha, Crude Petroleum, Different Kinds of Tar, or the like.

摘要

29,479. Baudry, A. Dec. 31. Fractional distillation, apparatus for.-An apparatus for fractional distillation is arranged so that the separate fractions are collected simultaneously by means of pipes attached at the various stages of the rectifying-columns. The hydrocarbon, spirit, tar, or other liquid under treatment, entering by a pipe 1, undergoes a preliminary heating in the condenser C and the tank P, into which the residual liquor from the fire-heated still M flows. The liquid passes by the pipe 21 to the top of the column A, down which it runs, meeting the vapours from the still, and then is fed by the pipe 3 to the still. The still is provided with rotating discs whereon the liquid is exposed in thin films, and with a pipe 4, whereby superheated vapour is admitted. The vapour thus generated passes away by a pipe 5 and rises through and undergoes successive partial condensation in the columns A, B, the condenser C, the column D, and the condenser C'. The condensates obtained are returned for further fractionation by means of pipes, such as 16, 11. Testing-apparatus O, O1, &c. and refrigerators R, R', &c. are provided for the reception of the various fractions. The pipe 18 may be made to communicate with a barometric condenser so that the operation may be conducted under reduced pressure.