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湘西苗族服饰设计中的踏虎凿花艺术

     

摘要

踏虎凿花艺术来源于苗族服饰上的纹样蓝本,其花样繁多且品种齐全,苗族服饰很大程度上促进了踏虎凿花艺术的产生,并不断推动其向前发展。按照苗族人的信仰意识,湘西苗族服饰中踏虎凿花的题材可分为3类,即图腾崇拜主题、生肖崇拜主题和自然崇拜主题。作为衣饰底样,踏虎凿花有其独特的艺术特色,主要表现在:在布局上注重对称与平衡,在构图上繁简得当、疏密有致,在寓意上寄予了苗族人们对世间万物的美好祝愿和对美好生活的热切向往。苗族服饰中踏虎凿花艺术可以传统节日为契机,以凿花艺术元素作为庆典符号,并结合旅游文化宣传得以发展。同时,可将踏虎凿花批量制作成布艺装饰画、年画等形式运用于家装等领域,凿花艺术元素还可运用于信息时代的卡通、动漫等艺术形式中。凿花艺术的传承可以考虑在一定范围内普及民族特色教育,将踏虎凿花纳入基础教学体系,为培养优秀凿花艺术工作者创造有利条件。%Tahu chiseled flower art is derived from the Miao costume pattern. With its great variety in patterns and product lines, the Miao costumes have greatly promoted the Tahu chiseled flower art developments. According to Miao people’s belief consciousness, Tahu chiseled flowers in Xiangxi Miao clothing mainly could be divided into three categories, namely totem worship , nature worship and Chinese zodiac worship themes. As the clothing ground pattern, Tahu chiseled flower art had its unique artistic features, which were mainly displayed in paying attention to symmetry and balance;focusing on the unification of complicated and simple composition with harmony of density and spacing; delivering Miao people’s best wishes to everything in the world and keen yearning for a better life. Traditional festivals could be used as an opportunity to develop the Tahu chiseled flower art by taking it as the celebration symbol, and combining it into the tourism culture. Meanwhile, Tahu chiseled flower art could be mass produced into cloth art adornment pictures and new year pictures as home decoration. The chiseled flower element could also be used in cartoon and animation fields. Tahu chiseled flower art could be taken into the basic teaching system as the inheritance in certain ethnic education in order to create favorable conditions for training expert practitioners.

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