夏季福建北部近岸海域大型底栖生物群落特征

摘要

文章以2013年8月福建北部近岸海域采集的大型底栖动物样品和环境资料为基础,分析其群落结构特征、受扰动情况和与环境因子的关系,并运用香浓-维纳(H′)多样性指数、AZTI海洋生物指数(AMBI)和多元AZTI生物指数(M-AMBI)对福建北部近岸海域生态环境质量状况进行评价.结果表明:2013年福建北部近岸海域大型底栖动物种类较少,生物密度和生物量偏低,物种小型化;调查海域底栖生物受干扰程度与环境压力梯度基本一致,宁德市因海洋开发活动较少沿岸海域底栖生物生态质量高于福州近岸海域;多样性指数H′、AMBI、M-AMBI等3种指数对福建北部近岸大型底栖生物评价结果不完全一致,AMBI指数、M-AMBI指数评价生态等级要高于多样性评价结果.%Based on the macrobenthic samples and environmental data collected from northern Fu-jian Province in summer 2013,the characteristics,disturbance and the relationship with the envi-ronmental factors of macrobenthic community were analyzed,and the eco-environmental quality was assessed by using the diversity index,AZTI marine biotic index (AMBI)and multivariate AZTI index(M-AMBI).In the coastal area of northern Fujian Province in summer 2013,the mac-robenthic species was less,the density and the biomass were lower,and the body size had minia-turization tendency.The macrobenthic community was affected and the degree agreed with the environ-mental pressure gradient,the eco-environmental quality of coastal area in Ningde where the marine devel-oping activities were less,was higher than coastal area of Fuzhou.The assessment results of macrobenthic community using diversity index H′,AMBI index,M-AMBI were not completely consistent,the ecological levels assessed by AMBI,M-AMBI indexes were higher than those by diversity.