阶段性健康教育对初产孕妇健康素养、健康需求满足及剖宫产率的影响

摘要

Objective:To explore the effects of stage health education on health literacy, satisfaction of health needs and cesarean section rate of primipa-rous. Methods:Selected 100 cases of primiparous who received regular check in our hospital and divided them into observation group and control group ran-domly. The control group was given regular routine prenatal guidance, and the observation group was treated with stage health education on the basis of con-ventional guidance. The changes of health literacy before and 2 months after maternal intervention of the two groups were evaluated. The health needs of the two groups were evaluated by the self-designed health needs questionnaire. The delivery patterns and the data of the cesarean section of the two groups were compared. Results: (1) The health scores, such as pregnancy care, childbirth, puerperium care, neonatal feeding and health care of the two groups were higher than that before the intervention and the increase of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0. 05). (2) The satis-faction rate of health knowledge such as basic maternal knowledge, self-protection, self-care during delivery and perinatal care, breastfeeding and neo-natal care in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0. 05). (3)The natural labour rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0. 05). (4)The incidences of neonatal asphyxia and neonatal adverse outcomes in the observation group were lower than that in the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Adopting the stage health education in the maternal health care intervention can increase the maternal health literacy, reduce the cesarean section rate and reduce the incidence of neonatal adverse outcomes.%目的：：探讨阶段性健康教育对初产妇健康素养、健康需求满足及剖宫产率的影响。方法：选择我院定期孕检直至分娩的100例初产妇为研究对象，随机数字法等分为观察组与对照组，对照组定期产检，予常规产前指导，观察组在此基础上加用阶段性健康教育，评定两组孕妇干预前、分娩2个月后孕期健康素养水平的变化，采用自拟健康需求调查表评定两组初产妇健康需求满足情况，比较两组分娩方式，统计剖宫产率。结果：(1)两组孕期保健、分娩、产褥期保健、新生儿喂养及保健等健康素养方面评分均上升，观察组上升幅度高于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)观察组产妇孕期基础知识、自我保健、产程自我护理、围产期护理、母乳喂养、新生儿护理等健康知识需求满足率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)观察组顺产率高于对照组，剖宫产率低于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)观察组新生儿窒息、新生儿不良结局发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：在初产妇孕期保健干预中采用阶段性健康教育，可提高产妇健康素养，降低剖宫产率，减少新生儿不良结局发生率。