经皮冠状动脉介入术后患者自我管理知识及其行为的相关性

摘要

Objective To understand the self-management knowledge and self-management behavior among patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) and explore the correlation between them. Methods From March to June 2011,200 PCI patients undergoing the regular check in the hospital were surveyed with a self-designed self-management knowledge questionnaire and coronary artery disease self-management scale (CSMS) to analyze their correlation. Results The mean score of self-management knowledge scale was 43. 84±6. 94. The total score of CSMS was 80. 48±12. 08 in the postoperative PCI patients. The scores of individual dimensions in descending order were management of untoward habits,emergency management,management of general life,behavior of emotional and cognitive management, management of disease knowledge, symptom management and treatment compliance management. There was a moderate correlation between self-management behaviorand self-management knowledge in the patients(r=0. 690,P=0. 000). The medical management knowledge was positively correlated with medical management behavior (r = 0. 732,P = 0. 000). Low correlation was detected between knowledge and behavior of daily life-management as well as those between emotional and cognitive managementr=0. 335,P = 0. 000;r = 0. 399,P = 0. 000). Conclusion There is a correlation between self-management knowledge and self-management behavior. Health providers should take different interventions when faced with different aspects of self-management.%目的 了解经皮冠状动脉介入术(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)后患者的自我管理知识水平和自我管理行为执行情况,并探讨其相关性.方法 选取2011年3-6月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院进行常规复查的200例PCI术后患者为研究对象,采用自行设计的自我管理知识问卷和冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(简称冠心病)自我管理行为量表(coronary artery disease self-management Scale,CSMS)对其进行调查,并分析其相关性.结果 本组患者自我管理知识问卷总得分为(43.84±6.94)分.PCI术后患者CSMS总得分为(80.48±12.08)分.各维度按得分率由高到低排列依次为不良嗜好管理、急救管理、一般生活管理、情绪认知管理行为、疾病知识管理、症状管理、治疗依从性管理.本组患者的自我管理行为与自我管理知识之间呈中度正相关(r=0.690,P=0.000),其中疾病的医学管理知识和行为之间存在高度正相关(r=0.732,P=0.000),而日常生活管理知识和行为之间、情绪认知管理知识和行为之间存在低度正相关(r=0.335,P=0.000；r=0.399,P=0.000).结论 经皮冠状动脉介入术后患者的自我管理知识和其行为之间存在一定的联系,针对不同的自我管理内容,医护人员应采取不同的自我管理干预策略.