晚期癌症患者自我感受负担体验的质性研究

摘要

目的 以晚期癌症患者的视角描述由于自身疾病及照护需求所产生的自我感受负担(self-perceived burden,SPB)体验,分析相关因素,以提高人们对SPB的理解,为循证护理实践提供依据.方法 使用质性研究中现象学研究法,对某三级医院肿瘤内科16名住院癌症患者进行深度访谈并录音,采用Giorgi的质性资料分析法进行分析、整理并提炼主题.结果 分析发现,SPB是晚期癌症患者普遍存在的顾虑和担忧,主要反映在以下两个相关主题范围:SPB形成的原因--对他人的担忧;SPB的情感体验--对自身的影响.结论 SPB是晚期癌症患者普遍的痛苦体验,易被忽视,其中照护、经济和情感因素是主要原因;护理人员应理解并关注患者的SPB,提供个性化的支持性心理护理.%Objective From the perspective of advanced cancer patients,to describe the experience of selfperceived burden(SPB) that arises from diseases and nursing needs and to analyze relevant factors so as to improve the understanding of the SPB and provide practice basis for evidence-based nursing. Methods Phenomenological approach of qualitative research was chosen for the present investigation. The data collected from 16 hospitalized advanced cancer patients by in-depth interview and recording, were processed and refined by Giorgi's qualitative data analysis. Results The analysis found: SPB was a common concern of advanced cancer patients, which was mainly reflected in the following related areas: ①The reasons for the formation of SPB-“concern for others”;②emotional experiences of SPB-“implications for self”. Conclusion SPB is a prevalent and easily ignored painful experience of advanced cancer patients;Care,economic and emotional factors are the main reasons for the formation of SPB. Nursing practitioners should understand and follow closely patients' SPB then provide personalized supportive psychological nursing.