血管性痴呆与阿尔茨海默病患者的认知功能及精神行为症状对比分析

摘要

目的:探讨血管性痴呆(VD)和阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者的认知功能和精神行为症状的差别.方法:将确诊的VD患者和AD患者各60例分为2组,采用简易精神状态评定量表(MMSE)和世界卫生组织加利福尼亚大学听觉词语学习测验(WHO-UCLA AVLT)评定比较2组的认知功能;采用阿尔茨海默病病理行为评分量表(BEHAVE-AD)评定比较2组患者的精神行为.结果:AD组的记忆力、注意力及计算力、语言能力评分均明显低于VD组(P＜0.01);AD组的延时记忆力、长时记忆力评分低于VD组(P＜0.01).VD组的情感障碍发生率明显高于AD组(P＜0.05);而AD组的行为紊乱率、攻击行为率则明显高于VD组(P＜0.05).结论:AD患者具有更严重的认知功能障碍、行为紊乱及攻击行为发生率,而VD患者情感障碍方面损害更为明显.%Objective:To explore the differences in cognitive function and behavioral and psychological symptoms between Vascular Dementia (VD) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD).Methods:Sixty cases of VD and 60 cases of AD were collected into two groups respectively.The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and WHO-UCLA AVLT were used to evaluate the cognitive function of all the cases.Rating scale of the behavioral pathology in Alzheimer's disease (BEHAVE-AD) was used to evaluate the behavioral and psychological symptoms.Results:The scores of remembrance,attention and computation ability,language ability in the AD group were statistically lower than those in the VD group (P＜0.01);and the scores of retardation time memory and long-term memory in the AD group were significantly lower than those in the VD group (P＜0.01).The incidence rates of conduct disorder and aggressive behavior in the AD group were significantly higher than those in the VD group (P＜0.05),whereas the rate of affective disorder in the VD group was statistically higher than that in the AD group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Patients with AD have severer cognitive dysfunction,conduct disorder and aggressive behavior.Patients with VD are more likely to have affective disorders.