本文基于山区乡村旅游发展特征建立农户可持续生计水平综合评价模型,实地调查并分析乡村旅游影响下的秦巴山区农户生计状况,以及不同地理单元农户生计结果差异.结果表明:(1)乡村旅游业发展提高了山区农户自适应能力和生计保障程度,扶贫效果较为显著,参与旅游发展的农户可持续生计发展水平总体优于全区平均水平;(2)调查点农户的生计资本得到增加,但五大资本中社会资本值低较,农户可获得的社会资源有限;(3)四类乡村旅游地农户(即,秦巴山区中心城区依托型、大中城市近郊型、景区依托型和边远型乡村旅游地)生计资本结构存在差异,大中城市近郊型乡村旅游地农户的金融资本、社会资本和物质资本与乡村旅游形成良好互动,农户可持续生计总体结果优于其他类型乡村旅游地;(4)农户社区组织的建构对增加和拓展农户的生计资产具有积极的影响.研究可为贫困山区农户生计发展、扶贫及乡村旅游发展等相关政策的制定提供参考.%Based on the sustainable livelihoods framework of DFID,an integrated rural sustainable livelihoods evaluation model was set up,along with the rural livelihoods status,and livelihood outcomes in different locations impacted by tourism in Ankang of Qinling and Daba mountainous areas were studied in the paper.The results were as follows:(1) Rural tourism in mountainous areas had helped to improve the adaptive ability and livelihood level for local farmers.Pro-poor tourism had achieved significant effects.The sustainable livelihoods level of tourism-involved farmers was better than those in other areas in Ankang.(2) The total livelihood assets increased in the surveyed areas,but social capitals kept to a low level for limited social resources.(3) Among four different rural tourism destinations,(i.e.,city centre-based destination,large and medium-sized city suburb destination,scenic spot adjacent destination,and destination in remote area),farmers in large and medium-sized city suburb rural tourism destination achieved greater financial,social and physical capital,and this kind of rural tourism destination exceled above the other destinations with an overall preferable livelihood outcome.(4) Construction of a rural community organization had positive effects to increase farmers' livelihood assets.The research conclusion provided reference proposals for policy-making to rural livelihoods development,poverty alleviation,and rural tourism in impoverished mountainous areas.
展开▼
