剃齿加工中径向剃齿刀齿面拓扑修形量计算及分析∗

摘要

剃齿加工中存在的主要问题是加工齿轮时被剃齿轮齿形在节圆附近会出现中凹现象，即产生齿形畸变。为分析剃齿过程中剃齿刀与被剃齿轮的几何关系，以便能表述剃齿刀的全齿面齿廓，通过标准渐开线齿面与法向修形曲面叠加的方式来表示剃齿刀的修形齿面，提出了径向剃齿刀拓扑齿面齿形的计算方法。首先，根据齿轮啮合原理设计并计算出径向剃齿刀的修形齿面方程；再次，通过反算法向修形曲面，计算出加工修形圆柱齿轮的径向剃齿刀齿面修形量；最后，通过算例对比分析剃齿刀齿数及安装轴交角、中心距误差对剃齿齿面修形量的影响，为设计制造同类径向剃齿刀提供了一定的理论依据。%The main problems existing in the shaving process is machining gears, tooth profile in the shaved gear pitch circle will occur near the concave phenomenon, which produce tooth profile distortion. In order to analyze in the shaving process of shaving cutter and the shaved gear geometric relations, expressing the whole tooth surface of gear shaving cutter tooth profile, the standard involute gear tooth surface and method to correcting surface superposition way to represent tooth surface of gear shaving cutters, and presents the calculation method of radial shaving cutter tooth surface topology tooth profile. Firstly, according to the gear meshing principle design and calculate the tooth surface equation of the plunge shaving cutter; secondly, through the inverse algorithm to calculate the modification surface processing, repair of radial shaving cutter tooth cylindrical gear profile modification;finally, through calculating the effect of cases of comparative a-nalysis of gear shaving cutter tooth number and the mounting shaft angle, center distance error on the shaved gear profile modification amount, provides a theoretical basis for the design and manufacture of similar radial gear shaving cutter.