机床移动横梁因自身重力及外加载荷而发生变形,为此,对横梁进行了简化,得到其振动力学模型,理论计算求解出横梁最大变形量和一阶固有频率.对移动横梁进行了三维建模与有限元分析,横梁最薄弱位置位于横梁上下导轨部位,针对最薄弱部位,对横梁上下导轨局部结构进行了改进设计.结果表明,横梁结构理论计算的最大变形量和一阶固有频率与仿真结果相近,优化后的横梁形变减小了10.6%,质量减轻了136kg,轻量化效果明显.为机床其他零部件的优化设计提供了有益的方法参考.%The deformation of moving beam is caused by its own gravity and the loads. Therefore, The crossbeam was simplified to get the mechanical vibration model,the maximum coupling deformation and the firstorder frequency were solved by the theoretical calculation method. Through establishing its 3D model and finiteelement analysis, which shows that the most vulnerable position is the upper and lower guide rail. To the weakest part, the local structure of ribbed plate on the upper and lower guide rail was designed. The results show that, Theoretical analysis and simulation results are very similar. Compared with the original beam, the lightweight effect is obvious that the beam deformation is decreased by 10. 6%, the weight is reduced by 136 kg, which proved a reasonable method for other parts of machine tool.
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