This study was aimed to observe effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment from lung on mRNA expressions of iNOS in lung tissues of rats with ulcerative colitis (UC). A total of 52 rats were used to estab-lish the UC rat model by using rabbit intestinal mucosal tissue allergenic model and TNBS-ethanol model (with the model success rate of 78%). Eight rats, which were randomly selected from 40 successfully modeled rats and the normal group, were used as the model group and the normal group before intervention (time point of week zero). The rest 32 successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group, the western medicine (salazosulfapyri-dine) group, treatment from lung (Huang-Qi Jie-Geng, HQJG decoction) group, and treatment from intestine (Huang-Qi Huang-Lian, HQHL decoction) group, with 8 rats in each group. Another 8 normal rats were used as the control group. The intervention was given for 4 weeks. And the mRNA expression of iNOS was detected in week ze-ro, and four weeks after the treatment using real time-PCR. The results showed that in the acute phase of week zero, the mRNA level of iNOS in lung tissues of model group was significantly increased compared with that in normal group (P < 0.05); after 4-week treatment, compared with the normal group, the mRNA level of iNOS in the model group was significantly increased (P< 0.05). Compared with the model group, the mRNA level of iNOS in the treat-ment from lung group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). It was concluded that NO which was catalyzed and synthesized by iNOS played an important role in pulmonary diseases. It can cause airway inflammation, edema, lung injury, and etc. Treatment from lung can alleviate the lung injury by inhibiting abnormal activation of iNOS.%目的：观察从肺论治法对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）大鼠肺组织中诱生型一氧化氮合成酶（iNOS） mRNA表达的影响。方法：选取52只大鼠，采用家兔结肠黏膜组织致敏与三硝基苯磺酸（TNBS）-乙醇模型相结合的免疫复合法复制UC大鼠模型（造模成功率为78%）。从造模成功的40只大鼠及正常组大鼠中随机选出8只作为干预前（0周时间点）的模型组及正常组。剩余造模成功的32只大鼠随机分为模型组、西药组（柳氮磺胺吡啶）、从肺论治组（黄芪桔梗汤）、从肠论治组（黄芪黄连汤），每组8只，另取8只正常大鼠为对照，连续干预4周（4周时间点）后，分别于0周、4周时间点采用Real Time-PCR 法测定肺组织中iNOS mRNA表达。结果：与正常组比较，0周急性期模型组大鼠肺组织中iNOS mRNA转录水平明显上调（P<0.05）；4周治疗后，与正常组比较，模型组大鼠iNOS mRNA转录水平明显升高（P<0.05）；与模型组比较，从肺论治组大鼠iNOS mRNA转录水平显著降低（P<0.01）。结论：iNOS催化合成的NO在肺部疾病中发挥了重要作用，可引起气道炎症、水肿、肺损伤等。从肺论治法通过抑制iNOS的异常活化，进而减轻肺部损伤。
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