丹参抗抑郁的神经免疫机制研究探讨

摘要

抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍,近年研究揭示小胶质细胞介导的神经炎症及其引起的神经发生减少是抑郁症的重要病理基础.中医药在治疗抑郁症方面具有自身特色和优势,从瘀治郁是中医药治疗郁证的重要实践手段.丹参在临床治疗抑郁症的处方中出现的频率较高,其抗抑郁作用逐渐引起研究者的重视.丹酚酸B是丹参的重要活性成分,具有抗炎和神经保护作用.本文从丹酚酸B通过调节小胶质细胞激活途径以促神经发生的作用机制进行综述.遵循祛瘀生新理论,从行为、细胞、分子等水平探讨丹酚酸B抑制中枢炎症、促进神经发生与活血化瘀、祛瘀生新的关联,有助于阐述从瘀治郁的治疗策略.%Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common affective disorder.With its unique characteristics and advantages,traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an important role in the treatment of MDD.Recent researches have revealed that the neuroinflammation-induced neurogenesis reduction were the key pathology of MDD.This analysis indicated that salvia was frequently used for treatment of MDD from the prescriptions reported in literatures.Salvianolic acid (SalB),one of main active compounds of salvia,had showed anti-inflammation and neuroprotection effects in previous studies.In this review,we summarized the antidepressant effects of SalB through regulating microglial activation,inhibiting neuroinflammation and promoting neurogenesis.According to the theory of removing blood stasis for promoting tissue regeneration,it was suggested that the novel antidepressant strategies for antiinflammatory and neuroprotective activities were through microglia-modulating pathway with TCM.