电动汽车永磁同步电机优化控制方法的研究

摘要

Since the traditional PID algorithm based driving method for permanent⁃magnet synchronous motor in electric ve⁃hicle has the problems of poor system response,weak stability,and slow steady⁃state speed recovery after suffering from load disturbance,a method of taking the integral sliding mode variable structure controller as the drive controller of the permanent⁃magnet synchronous motor of electric vehicle is proposed. The load torque observer introduced into the system can reflect the feedback value of the load torque in the current setting value,so the control system can respond to the load disturbance timely. The effectiveness of the studied method was verified with Matlab simulation. The research results show that the control method can observe the motor’s load effectively and accurately,make a response while load changing suddenly,and ensure that the ro⁃tate speed is controlled in the setting range rapidly.%考虑到基于传统PID算法的电动汽车永磁同步电机驱动方法存在系统跟踪响应差，稳定性弱，受到负载扰动后，恢复稳态速度慢等问题，提出积分型滑模变结构控制器作为电动汽车永磁同步电机进行驱动控制器。通过对系统引入负载转矩观测器，可以在电流设定值中反映负载转矩的反馈值，因此控制系统能够及时地对负载扰动做出响应。通过Mat⁃lab仿真验证该文研究方法的有效性，研究结果表明，该控制方法能够对电机负载进行有效准确观测，并在负载突变时做出反应，保证转速快速控制在设定范围内，具有较好的鲁棒性及稳定性。