教育治理作为一种新兴的理论范式，旨在通过多主体共同参与对教育事务的管理来解决传统治理模式的弊病与不足。传统治理由于教育观念和管理机制所触发的“路径依赖”显示出较强的惯性制约作用，表现为制度供给不足、“三元”教育治理结构孱弱与失衡、隐形制度与显性制度之间不断角力、政府角色转换迟滞等问题，这对我国教育治理现代化转型提出了诸多挑战。在教育治理现代化转型的演进逻辑中，适切的治理技术是推进教育治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要媒介。大数据作为一种积极的技术型治理资源，能够为优化教育治理过程的生态环境、拓展教育制度框架设计的弹性空间、诱发教育制度变迁和治理转型提供良好的契机和技术支撑。在大数据时代，教育治理转型建设应打破原有制度惯性，构建现代教育治理体系的制度基础；转变政府职能与角色，推动政府角色由“管理”向“治理”转型；激发市场与社会组织的内在活力，构建多中心、多主体的治理模式。%As a new theoretical paradigm, education governance aims to solve the problems and deficiencies of the traditional governance model through the multi-agent participation in the management of educational affairs. However, the path dependence of traditional education management concept and management mechanism still has a strong inertia to the modernization of education management system. The main problems appear as the lack of institution supply, the imbalance of multiple education governance structure, the power struggle between the invisible system and the dominant system, the slow transformation of the government's role, which put forward a lot of challenges to the modernization of educational governance. In the evolution logic of the modernization of education governance, the appropriate governance technique is an important medium for promoting the construction of the education governance system and the modernization of governance capacity. As a kind of active management resources, the big data can provide good opportunities and technical support for the optimization of the ecological environment of the educational management process, the development of the framework of the education system, and the transformation of the education system. In the era of big data, the transformation of education governance should overcome the institutional inertia, and build the system foundation of modern education management system. The government should change its function and role in education, stimulate inner vigor of market and social organization, build multi-agent governance pattern among the government, the market and the society.
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