氢氧发动机真空点火及高空模拟试验

摘要

上面级氢氧发动机的真空点火与起动过程是一个复杂的动态过程，与地面相比，由于受真空环境的影响，发动机推进剂预冷、充填、雾化与燃烧等一系列物理和化学过程将发生很大变化，存在海平面试车无法考核的技术盲点，影响发动机工作可靠性。因此，国内外对上面级氢氧发动机均进行过广泛而深入的高空模拟试验研究，以考核和验证发动机真空点火、起动的可靠性，其中以J-2发动机开展的高空模拟试验最具代表性。%The ignition and start-up of cryogenic upper stage engine is a complexly dynamic procedure. The pre-cooling, filling, atomization and combustion of the propellants in a vacuum environment are quite different from sea level condition. So altitude simulation testing of the engine is usually accomplished on the altitude test facility before the formal flight. Among numerous altitude simulation tests, the testing of J-2 engine in propulsion engine test cell (J-4) was mostly representative.