Based on thermodynamic theory analysis, atmospheric pressure hydrochloric acid leaching method was used to extract nickel and cobalt from laterite, and the dissolution mechanism of valuable metals was discussed. The results show that, with the initial acid concentration of 8 mol/L, leaching temperature of 360 K, solid/liquid ratio at 1∶4, and reaction time of 2 h, the leaching rates of Ni, Co, Mn attained 94%, 61%and 96%, while the leaching rates for Fe and Mg reached 56% and 94%, respectively. According to the thermodynamic calculation and leaching mechanism analysis, the dissolution order for the main minerals amid the laterite leaching is sequentially as follows: goethite followed by lizardite, magnetite and hematite.%在热力学理论分析基础上，常压下采用盐酸浸出红土镍矿中镍、钴等有价金属，探讨了有价金属溶出机理。结果表明：初始盐酸浓度8 mol／L，浸出温度360 K，固液比1∶4，反应时间2 h，镍、钴、锰浸出率分别达到94％，61％和96％，此时铁、镁浸出率为56％和94％。根据热力学计算和浸出机理分析可知，红土镍矿在常压盐酸浸出过程中，各主要矿相溶解先后顺序是：针铁矿＞蛇纹石＞磁铁矿＞赤铁矿。
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