矿山开采进入地下深部，在复杂的开采环境下，合理的支护形式是保证矿山安全生产的关键因素之一．主要对拱形支架的拱轴线和拱高相关尺寸参数进行优化研究，得到了适合于不同地压条件的最优拱形支架形式．经分析研究，拱形支架的最优形式应保证拱的合理轴线应与压力曲线相重合，合理拱高hm与拱形支架跨度的一半α的关系为hm=0．66a～0．866a，拱型支架的最优形式是高跨比为0．75／2的似椭圆．计算结果表明，对于具有相同承载力的拱形而言，似椭圆与地下矿山常用的三心拱相比，可节省砌筑材料20％，降低砌筑与掘进费约15％；与半圆拱相比则减小掘进工程量和砌筑材料约40％，降低相应费用约30％．%Underground mining has formulation is the key factor of production entered the deep; in complex to ensure the mine safety. In the mining environment, reasonable support paper, the size parameters of the arch axis and arch highness for arch support are optimized. Through analysis, the optimal formulation of arch support should ensure that the reasonable arch axis could coincide with the pressure curve, the reasonable arch highness ha = 0. 66a 0. 866a , and the optimal formulation is the similar ellipse whose height - to - span ratio is 0.75/2. The results show that with the same capacity, the similar ellipse can save the construction material less than three centered arch about 20%, reduce the masonry and excavation costs by 15%; and the similar ellipse can save the driving engineering quantity and construction material about 40% to round arch, reduce the excavation costs by 30%.
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