微波辐射对大鼠学习记忆与海马组织中神经递质的影响研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the effect of microwave radiation on abilities of learning and memory in rats and their hippocampus neurotransmitters. Methods Forty Wistar male rats were exposed to microwave with an average power density of 30 mW/cm2 for 15 min. Morris water maze was used to study the change in the mean escape latency in rats. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and alkaline hydroxylamine colorimetry were used to study the changes in the amino acid transmitters content and acetylcholine esterase activity. Results The mean escape latency in rats was increased ( P ＜0.05 ) after 14 days of microwave exposure. There was obvious increase in contents of Glu ,Gly ,GABA and Asp in hippocampus( P ＜ 0.01 ), and significant increase in AchE activity( P ＜ 0. 01 ). When compared with the sham radiation group,there was no visible change in the indexes mentioned above except for the content of Glu after 21 days of microwave exposure. Conclusion Some dose of microwave radiation can influence the abilities of learning and memory and induce the disorder of neurotransmitters in rat hippocampus.%目的 探讨微波辐射对大鼠学习记忆能力及大鼠海马组织中神经递质含量的影响.方法 采用30 mW/cm2微波辐射40只Wistar雄性大鼠15 min,运用Morris水迷宫方法 、高效液相色谱法、碱性羟胺比色法分别检测大鼠平均逃避潜伏期、海马组织中氨基酸类神经递质含量及乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholine esterase,AchE)活性变化.结果 30 mW/cm2微波辐射后14 d,大鼠平均逃避潜伏期增加(P<0.05),海马组织中谷氨酸、甘氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和天冬氨酸含量均显著升高(P<0.01),AchE活性显著升高(P<0.01);辐射后21 d,除谷氨酸含量外上述各项指标与假辐射组相比均未见明显变化.结论 一定剂量微波辐射,可影响大鼠学习记忆功能并引起大鼠海马组织中氨基酸类、胆碱类神经递质代谢紊乱.