Objective To investigate the role of echocardiography in the evaluation of acclimatization at high altitude . Methods The physiologic indexes populations exposed to high altitude for one week , two months, more than 1 year and re-exposed populations were collected and underwent echocardiographical examinations .The pulse rate, respiration and hemoglobin were used to evaluate acclimatization levels .Results The acclimation rate in the four groups was 43.06%, 57.41%, 79.49% and 56.25% respectively.There were five high altitude polycythemia volunteers in the re-exposed group.The left ventricular internal diameter was significantly different between acclimated and un -acclimated groups .Cardi-ac indexes were also significantly different between the initial , entire acclimatization and re-exposed populations.The area under the curve was 0.766 in the assessment of acclimatization by cardiac indexes.Conclusion Cardiac functions play a role in the process of acclimatization.Cardiac indexes are of great value for evaluating acclimatization, especially long-term migrations.%目的：探讨心脏超声检查在高原习服评价中的作用。方法采集平原对照组、高原暴露1周、高原暴露2个月、移居高原＞1年以及移居＞1年再暴露于更高海拔5组人群的心脏超声检查等生理指标，以GJB4301-2002标准评价其习服情况，并比较每搏输出量（ SV）、心输出量（ CO）、射血分数（ EF）、心指数（ CI）以及左、右心房和心室内径在习服与未习服组间差异。结果4组习服率分别为：43．06％、57．41％、79．49％和56．25％，再暴露组有5例（6．25％）高原红细胞增多症患者，高原暴露1周组中左心室内径、EF、CI和CO在习服和未习服中有显著性差异，完全习服组的左心房内径、CI与未习服人群有显著性差异，再暴露人群中CI和CO在习服和未习服人群中存在显著差异。 CI对完全习服评价的曲线下面积为0．766。结论心功能在高原习服中具有重要作用，其中CI对评价高原习服尤其是长期完全习服具有较好的应用价值。
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