青海东部地区雷电灾害易损性分析与区划

摘要

利用青海东部地区10个气象台站1997-2012年的年平均雷暴日数,2008-2014年闪电定位数据和1997-2014年雷电灾害资料,将雷暴日数、雷击密度、综合灾度、生命易损模数和经济易损模数作为雷电灾害易损性评估指标,采用层次分析法确定指标的权重,建立了雷电灾害易损性评估模型,依据气象灾害学分级统计法划分出雷电灾害易损性等级,形成了青海东部地区雷电灾害易损性区划图.结果表明青海东部地区雷电灾害易损性区域呈分散分布的特征,极高易损区在大通县、化隆县,次高易损区在湟中县、互助县,中易损区在省会城市西宁市、湟源县,低易损区在乐都区、平安区、民和县和循化县.%By means of the annual average thunderstorm day data,lightning location data and lightning disaster data of 10 meteorological stations in the eastern Qinghai from 1997 to 2012,the lightning location data from 2008 to 2014,and lightning disaster data from 1997 to 2014,using the number of thunderstorm days,lightning density,comprehensive disaster degree,life vulnerability modulus,and economic vulnerability modulus as vulnerability assessment indicators of lightning disasters,the vulnerability assessment model of lightning disaster is established with the weights of indexes determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP).According to the classification method of meteorological disaster statistics,the vulnerability grades of lightning disasters are classified,and the vulnerability zoning map of lightning disasters in the eastern Qinghai is given.The results show that the vulnerability areas of lightning disasters in the eastern Qinghai exhibit a characteristic of scattered distribution;the high vulnerability areas are in Datong County,Longhua County,the second high vulnerability areas in Huzhu County in Huangzhong County,the medium vulnerability areas of vulnerability in Xining and Huangyuan County,the low vulnerability areas in Ledu District,the safe areas in Minhe County and Xunhua County.