AIDS has spread relentlessly, causing the most devastating pandemics, and its death rate is relatively high. Moreover, there currently are no vaccine and effective cure measurement. When the body was exposed to HIV, HIV infections occurred by invading CD4 + immune cells and largely replicated in them. Then the immune cells were completely destructed. However, it was recently discovered that someone who is exposed to HIV becomes not infected, which was attributed to the individual's "sleepy" immune system. Therefore, the "sleepy" immune system might actually be the best defense against the disease. The mechanisms that control natural resistance to HIV could be used to develop a new vaccine or new therapies.%艾滋病全球广泛流行、破坏性极强、死亡率高,目前无预防疫苗和根治措施.人体暴露于HIV后,HIV主要通过侵犯CD4+的免疫细胞,在侵入细胞中大量繁殖,最终使免疫细胞遭到完全破坏.然而,最近发现暴露于HIV后,有些个体并不会有HIV感染的发生,这得益于人体“沉睡”的免疫系统.因此,“沉睡”的免疫应答可能是对HIV感染的最好免疫应答方式.这种对HIV天然免疫耐受机制可用来发展新的疫苗或治疗方法.
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