目的：了解医学新生与临床实习生对艾滋病知识知晓情况及对艾滋病患者的态度、医疗服务意愿的差异，为医学院校开展相关健康教育提供参考。方法：采用分层整群抽样的方法，对西安市2所医学院校803名医学新生和临床实习生进行问卷调查。结果：医学新生与临床实习生对艾滋病传播途径的知晓率均高于95％；实习生对艾滋病基础知识和非传播途径的掌握好于新生。医学新生与临床实习生对与艾滋病患者接触与交流以及医疗服务意愿上态度不积极；总体上医学新生对艾滋病患者持更明显的正向态度，临床实习生则具有更强的职业自我保护意识。有34．38％的医学新生与35．03％的临床实习生将艾滋病与个人品德相关联；最被同情的艾滋病感染方式是母婴传播，最不被同情的是静脉吸毒感染；有24．13％的医学生同情因同性性行为被感染者。结论：医学生对艾滋病预防知识的掌握不全面，应开展相关的健康教育及反歧视宣传。%Objective: To compare the difference between medical freshmen and clinical interns at the cognition , attitude and medical serv-ice desire to AIDS or people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), provide the reference for health education on HIV/AIDS in Medical Colleges. Methods: With stratified-cluster sampling method, the anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 803 medical students from 2 medical colleges in Xi'an.Results: The awareness rates of both medical freshmen and clinical interns were higher than 95%on transmission routes of HIV/AIDS;but in some of the basic knowledge and non-transmission routes of AIDS, the correct answer rates of clinical in-terns were significantly higher than freshmen.Either medical freshmen or clinical interns showed less active communication and medical services desire to PLWHA.Relatively, the medical freshmen showed more positive attitude to PLWHA than the clinical interns, and the interns had stron-ger occupational self-protection than that of the freshmen.There were 34.38%medical freshmen and 35.03%clinical interns related the AIDS to personal moral character.The most sympathetic HIV infected route was maternal-fetal transmission and the least sympathetic one was with injec-tion drug.24.13%of the students showed sympathy for the person who was infected HIV by homosexual behavior.Conclusion:The knowledge of AIDS among medical students is far from comprehensive and should be strengthened during the period at school.At the same time, the education related to medical service and anti-discrimination should be developed too.
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