医学实习生医患沟通能力现状调查分析

摘要

To investigate the communication ability of medical interns in Dalian Medical University,241 medical interns were selected to fill out the doctor-patient communication ability questionnaire.Results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between different majors (P＞0.05).The items with low scores on communication ability of different majors were converged and mainly concentrated on the following points:the introduction of consultation and physical examination;systematic inquiry into physical and chemical factors,social psychological factors and emotional factors that affect the disease;avoid leading questions and imperative questions during the consultation;observe and respond to the patients' verbal or behavioral cues.The authors took notice on teaching strategies to improve early clinical practice and more clinical practice,guided the doctor-patient role remodeling,used situational teaching and case study,and cultivated medical students' emotional communication and other comprehensive ways in doctor-patient communication.%通过制定的《医患沟通能力调查表(自评表)》,对大连医科大学241名不同专业医学实习生的医患沟通能力进行调查分析,结果显示:各专业组间自评平均分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);不同专业医患沟通能力得分偏低的条目相对趋同,主要集中在:介绍问诊和查体过程;系统询问影响疾病的理化生理因素、社会心理因素、情感因素;问诊过程中避免诱导性提问及命令式提问;体察并回应患者的语言或行为暗示等.在教学策略改进上可采取注重早临床、多临床,引导医患角色重新定位,运用情境教学及案例教学,培养医学生医患沟通中的情感交流等综合方式.