microRNA( miRNA )are a class of endogenous non-coding RNA,which participate in regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level. miRNA play important roles in the physiological processes of cell growth, cell proliferation, metabolism, and apoptosis. The changes of miRNA levels are also closely related to the formation of cardiac diseases, including arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, heart failure and so on, especially that they can cause arrhythmia by affecting the expression of cell membrane ion channels.%microRNA(miRNA)是一类内源性的非编码RNA分子,能调节转录后靶基因的表达,在机体的生长发育、细胞增殖、代谢和凋亡等生理过程中发挥着重要的作用.miRNA在体内的水平变化与心律失常、心肌梗死、心力衰竭等心脏疾病的形成密切相关,尤其是可以通过影响细胞膜离子通道的表达而引起心律失常.
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