植骨融合在胸腰椎不稳定骨折治疗中的应用研究进展

摘要

胸腰椎不稳定骨折在临床上比较常见,是脊柱外科领域的研究热点,其外科治疗包括伤椎的复位、减压、固定和融合.予损伤节段充分植骨,有利于骨折早期愈合,减轻疼痛,避免螺钉松动和断裂,减少椎体矫正度的丢失,获得长期脊柱稳定性,但植骨融合仍然存在许多问题需要解决.现就胸腰椎不稳定骨折治疗中植骨的必要性和生物力学基础、植骨部位、开放性手术植骨与微创技术植骨的临床应用及研究进展等方面予以综述.%Unstable thoracolumbar fracture is a common disease in clinical practice, and its research is always one of the most popular topics in the field of spine surgery.The Surgical treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fracture include reduction, decompression ，fixation and bone fusion.Enough bone grafting can reduce breakage or loosening of the internal fixation,accelerate bone healing,alleviate pain,restore the height of the fracture vertebrae,and gain spinal stability for a long time.About bone grafting,there still existed many problems needing to be solved.This article reviews the current progress in the clinical application research of unstable thoracolumbar fracture about necessity of bone grafting,biomechanical basics,regions of bone grafting, open surgery,and minimally invasive surgery for bone grafting.