Thelper type cell 17( Th17 cell )is a new effector T cell subsets found recently, the cell is derived from natural T cell precursor,which has independent differentiation and developmental regulation mechanism, and specifically to produce interleukin 17( IL-17 )for defending against extracellular pathogens infection. Thl7 cell plays an important regulatory role in autoimmune diseases, infection disease and so on. Regulatory T cell( Treg cell )is a T lymphocyte subset with immune suppressive function, and forkhead winged helix transcription factor is a specific marker of Treg cell, which has an effect on T effector cells through cell contact dependent mechanism and inhibitory factor dependent mechanism. Unbalance of Thl7 cells and Treg cells play an important regulatory role in inflammatory and infectious diseases. Thl7 cells and Treg cells are useful to help determine the severity of disease and assessment of the prognosis, which will provide new ideas for the treatment of pulmonary infection.%辅助性T细胞17(Th17)是近年来发现的一种新效应T细胞亚群,该细胞由天然T淋巴细胞前体分化而来,具有独立的分化和发育调节机制,并特异性地产生白细胞介素17,在防御胞外病原菌感染、自身免疫性疾病和感染性疾病中发挥重要作用;调节性T(Treg)细胞是一类具有免疫抑制功能的T淋巴细胞亚群,叉头翼状螺旋转录因子是Treg细胞的特异性标志,通过细胞间接触依赖机制和抑制性因子依赖机制对效应T淋巴细胞起抑制作用.Th17细胞与Treg细胞的失衡是感染性疾病发病的一个重要因素.对于肺部细菌感染患者而言,针对其免疫异常的研究,有助于病情严重程度的判断,为肺部感染治疗提供新思路.
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