脑梗死超早期溶栓疗法的研究进展

摘要

Cerebrovascular disease endangers human life and health seriously. With the development of neurology and invention of thrombolytic drugs, the thrombolysis in ultra-early stage cerebral infarction has become the most effective method to reduce the infarct size and morbidity. The traditional intravenous thrombolytic drugs are widely used,which have good recanalization rate. Efficacy and safety of new drugs still need large sample clinical trials. The use of intra-arterial thrombolysis is limited, and combined intravenous and intra-arterial thrombolysis is the future development direction. Becauseof intracranial hemorrhage,reocclusion,reperfusion injury and other complications in thrombolytic therapy program, the application must strictly follow the indications and contraindications.%脑血管病是严重危害人类生命健康的疾病。随着神经病学的发展和溶栓药物的研发，脑梗死超早期溶栓治疗已经成为降低梗死面积和致残率的最有效的治疗方法。传统静脉溶栓药物应用广泛，具有良好的再通率，新型药物的有效性及安全性仍需大样本临床试验验证。动脉溶栓的应用受一定限制，静脉-动脉序贯溶栓是未来的发展方向。由于溶栓治疗有颅内出血、再闭塞、再灌注损伤等并发症，应用需严格遵守适应证及禁忌证。