孕期肥胖对妊娠结局和新生儿的影响

摘要

孕期肥胖会造成孕期和产后并发症增多，并对胎儿和新生儿造成不良影响。随着孕前和孕期体质指数的增加，早产率和剖宫产率也随之增加，同时阴道助产的概率和妊娠并发症的发生率升高。肥胖还会增加剖宫产术中、术后并发症的发生率。而孕期肥胖的孕产妇发生胎儿宫内窘迫、巨大儿、高出生体质量、大于胎龄儿的风险增加，新生儿病态发生率也相应增加。因此，要采取措施早期确认存在危险因素的孕产妇，减少孕期肥胖的发生，防止并早期治疗围生期并发症。%Gestational obesity can increase complications of pregnancy and postpartum period ,and can effect adversely on fetus and neonates .The incidences of premature labor and cesarean section ,as well as the transvaginal assisted labor and pregnancy complications rise along with the increase of pre-pregnant and gestational body mass index .And obesity increases the intraoperative and postoperative morbidity of cesarean section .The risk of fetal distress,macrosomia,high birth weight, large for gestational age and morbidity of neonate increases along with gestational obesity .So,measures should be taken early to recognized maternities with risk fators ,to reduce pregnant obesity ,and prevent and treat the peripartum complications in early stage.