S100 B is a calcium-binding protein expressed and secreted by glial cells in the brain and muscle cells in the peripheral nervous system .At low,physiological concentrations ,S100B exhibits neurotrophic effects ,which can promote the growth of neurons ,inhibit neuronal apoptosis ,and promote the proliferation of glial cells .At high concentration ,S100 B binds with receptor of advanced glycation end products ,which promotes the apoptosis of neurons and glial cells ,and promotes glial cells to participate in and amplifythe inflammatory response ,thus thus involved in the process of brain injury .In addition, S100B plays an important role in the myoblast proliferation ,which lays a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of mus-cular dystrophy cells .%S100 B是一种钙离子结合蛋白，在脑中主要由神经胶质细胞分泌，外周的成肌细胞也可分泌。 S100 B的作用与其浓度有关，生理浓度的S100 B具有神经营养作用，可促进神经元轴突生长，抑制神经元凋亡，促进神经胶质细胞增生；而过多的S100 B通过与其配体糖基化终产物受体结合，促进神经元、神经胶质细胞凋亡，并且促进神经胶质细胞参与并放大炎症反应，参与脑损伤过程。另外，在外周，S100B可促进成肌细胞的增殖，为临床肌营养不良的细胞治疗奠定了理论基础。
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