目的 了解永川地区及周边县城慢性荨麻疹病人的常见致敏原,评价变应原皮肤点刺试验在慢性荨麻疹病原诊断中的价值.方法 采用国际标准方法的皮肤点刺(skin prick test,SPT)试验,对950例慢性荨麻疹病人做30种变应原(北京协和公司提供)测定,其中吸入性变应原16种,食物性变应原14种,并设阳性及阴性对照,以阳性对照为判断标准.结果 950例慢性荨麻疹病人中阳性者630例,阳性率66.3％,吸入组、食入组阳性率分别为54.2％和34.2％、.吸入组中以以尘螨、蟑螂、蒿类花粉、棉絮、狗毛、香烟居前;食入组中虾类、蟹类、辣椒、带鱼、橘子、芒果居前,吸入性变应原与慢性荨麻的相关性强于食入性变应原.结论 变应原皮肤点刺试验安全、可靠,易操作,为慢性荨麻疹病人寻找可能的变应原提供客观依据,为预防、治疗及护理起到一定的指导作用.%Objective To investigate the common allergens of patients with chronic urticaria I and evaluate the value of skin prick test in the diagnosis of chronic urticaria pathogen. Methods 950 cases of chronic urticaria patients were detected with 30 kinds of allergens (provided by Beijing Union Company) in the skin prick ((skin prick test, SPT) experiments of international standard method, including 16 inhaled allergens andH food allergens. Positive and negative controls were established, of which the positive control was taken as the criterion. Results Of the 950 cases of chronic urticaria patients,630 cases were positive, and the positive rate was 66. 3%. The positive rates of inhalation group and food group were 54. 2% and 34. 2%. In the inhalation group, dust mites, cockroaches, Artemisia pollen, cotton, dog hair and cigarette were on the top. The top factors were shrimp, crab, peppers, octopus, orange and mango. The inhalation allergens were more associated with chronic urticaria than that of ingestion allergens. Conclusion allergen skin prick test is safe, reliable and easy to operate, and provides an objective basis for possible allergens, and plays an important role for the prevention, treatment and nursing care of chronic urticaria.
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