作业疗法对提高精神发育迟滞患者的日常生活能力的效果

摘要

Objective:To assess effects of occupational therapy on improvement of activities of daily life of mental retardation patients. Methods:64 patients with mental retardation were selected from a central institute of mental health, and randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group of 32 people would accept the occupational therapy (1 case was discharged, 1 cases was trans-ferred, and in fact, 30 cases received the treatment) , while the control group of 32 people only took the traditional rehabilitation exer-cises (1 case was discharged, and in fact, 31 cases received the treatment). The intelligence level and activity of daily life of the two groups were assessed with mini-mental state examination ( MMSE) and activity of daily living scale for psychiatric inpatients ( ADL-PI) , respectively. Results:At the end of the training, the improvement of intelligence of intervention group was better than that of control group (P<0. 05). Compared with control group, the activities of daily life of intervention group were significantly improved (P<0. 001). Conclusions:The occupational therapy for the patients with mental retardation can improve daily living skills effectively.%目的：：评估作业疗法对提高精神发育迟滞患者的日常生活能力的效果。方法：选自某精神卫生中心精神发育迟滞患者64例,随机分为对照组和干预组,每组各32例。干预组患者1例出院,1例转院,最终30例给予作业疗法；对照组患者1例出院,最终31例只参加日常康复活动。用《简易智力状态检查》( MMSE)评定智力水平、《住院精神患者日常生活能力评定量表》( ADLPI)评定两组患者的日常生活能力。结果：训练结束时,干预组患者智能改善优于对照组(P<0.05),日常生活能力较对照组显著提高(P<0.001)。训练后,干预组患者自身对照较前有显著改善(P<0.01)。结论：作业疗法能有效提高精神发育迟滞患者的日常生活自理能力。