家属健康教育在脊髓损伤尿潴留患者恢复自主排尿功能中的应用研究

摘要

Objective:To research the effect of strengthening the families health education for patients with urinary retention with spinal cord injury to recovery the automatic micturition function.Method:100 spinal cord injury patients with urinary retention were selected from January 2013 to January 2014,according to admission order they were divided into the observation group and the control group,50 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with strengthening health education to patients families including urethral catheterization,intermittent health education,psychological assessment and planning, for patients with complications and related knowledge education and so on. The control group was treated with traditional nursing,patients and their families passived with medical personnel heal and intermittent catheterization. The effect of before and after treatment were observed, the related indexes were analyzed,the treatment of patients with autonomous urination function and the life quality were recorded.Result: Compared the patients of two groups in the total score of quality life, bladder residual urine volume, recovery of automatic micturition time, independent urine output and the total satisfactory rate,the observation group were all better than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The health education in patients’ family members is effective adjuvant treatment method for spinal cord injury patients with urinary retention. It can reduce patients’ bladder residual urine volume,shorten the recovery of automatic micturition time and increase the amount of autonomous urination.This method can promote the recovery of bladder function of patients,it is worth to promote in clinical, medical personnel should pay attention to the health education of the patients' family members.%目的：研究强化患者家属健康教育对于脊髓损伤尿潴留患者恢复自主排尿功能的影响。方法：选取2013年1月-2014年1月100例脊髓损伤尿潴留患者，按入院顺序随机分为观察组和对照组，每组各50例。观察组进行常规护理并在此基础之上对每1例患者固定让1名人员陪护，同时强化患者家属的健康教育，其中包括间歇的导尿技术、心理的健康教育、评估和计划、对患者并发症以及相关知识的教育等。对照组进行传统的护士主导，患者及其家属被动配合医护人员以及间歇导尿的常规护理方法。观察患者治疗前后的效果，记录相关的指标，分析两组患者治疗前后生活质量及患者自主排尿功能的恢复情况。结果：两组患者治疗后的生活质量总评分、膀胱残余尿量、恢复自主排尿的时间、自主排尿量、总满意度比较，观察组均优于对照组，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：患者家属进行健康教育对脊髓损伤尿潴留患者是积极的、有效的辅助治疗方法，这种方法能有效地降低患者的膀胱残余尿量，有效缩短患者恢复自主排尿时间，增加患者自主排尿量，值得在临床上推广应用，医护人员应重视对患者家属进行同步的健康教育。