直升机旋翼/机体动稳定性研究进展

摘要

This paper first briefly reviews the types of the dynamic instability of helicopter rotor/airframe,including the isolated blade dynamic instabilities such as the rotor flap-pitch coupling,pitch-lag instability,the coupled flap-lag aeroelastic instability,the flap-lag-pitch coupled instability,and the coupled rotor/airframe instabilities,such as the ground resonance and the air resonance.The related studies are reviewed from 3 aspects,the aerodynamic and structural numerical models with high precisions,the numerical methods of dynamic stability,and the model testing.The major fields of the analytical technology for dynamic stability of helicopter rotor/airframe are discussed,including the rotor aeroelastic stability analysis using the coupled computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics,the dynamic stability analysis of composite rotor with consideration of material uncertainty,the dynamic stability analysis of coupled rotor/airframe with lag damper,and helicopters with advanced configurations.In the end,the future development of dynamic stability of helicopter rotor/airframe is commented.%首先对直升机旋翼/机体动不稳定性问题的种类进行了简要概述,包括旋翼挥舞/变距、变距/摆振、挥舞/摆振和挥舞/摆振/变距耦合等孤立旋翼动不稳定性问题,以及直升机地面共振和空中共振等旋翼/机体耦合动不稳定性问题,然后分别从气动力与结构的高精度数值模型、动稳定性的计算分析方法和实验模型测试3个方面详细介绍了直升机旋翼/机体动不稳定性问题的研究现状,并着重讨论了直升机旋翼/机体动稳定性分析技术最近的主要研究方向:耦合CFD(computational fluid dynamics)/CSD(computational structural dynamics)的直升机旋翼气弹动稳定性分析、复合材料旋翼动稳定性分析及其材料不确定性影响、带减摆器的旋翼/机体动稳定性分析和先进直升机构型的旋翼/机体动稳定性分析,最后对直升机旋翼/机体动稳定性研究的发展趋势进行了展望.