最大熵产生原理在非平衡凝固中应用

摘要

近年来，最大熵产生原理在物理、化学、生物等领域得到广泛应用，被认为是描述非平衡体系演化的普适性原理；其核心思想是孤立非平衡耗散体系演化总是选择最短路径，以使体系尽可能快地向平衡态演化。非平衡凝固技术在工业生产中应用日益广泛，凝固理论研究却仍集中于近平衡过程；最大熵产生率原理在非平衡凝固中的应用，可推动非平衡凝固理论的发展，进而促进凝固理论的工业应用。总结了近年来最大熵产生原理在非平衡凝固中的应用，包括二元合金非平衡凝固界面动力学模型及多相场模型、多元合金非平衡凝固界面动力学模型、平界面稳定性分析及自由枝晶生长模型。对建立这些模型的热力学过程和相应的数学方法进行了详尽的描述。最后对最大熵产生原理的研究前景进行了展望。%Recently, maximum entropy production principle (MEPP) has been widely applied to physical, chemical and biological problems.MEPP, which is considered as a universal law for the evolution of non-equilibrium dissipative sys-tems, means that the isolated non-equilibrium system will tend to the state with maximum entropy along the shortest possi-ble path.Rapid solidification, a typical non-equilibrium process, has been adopted in industrial processes while the theo-retical studies of solidification still focus on the near-equilibrium solidification.Thus, the applications of MEPP can moti-vate the development of non-equilibrium solidification theory, thus promote its application to industrial processes .This pa-per summaries recent applications of MEPP to non-equilibrium solidification, including interface kinetics and multi-phase-field model for binary alloys, interface kinetics, morphological stability and dendrite growth for multi-component alloys.In addition, the required thermodynamical process and correspondence to mathematic method has been detailed .In the end, research prospect of the MEPP is also forecasted.