无粘结相硬质合金的发展及展望

摘要

Binderless carbide has higher hardness, higher Young’ s modulus, while the corrosion resistance and wear resistance are improved greatly compared to conventional WC-Co alloy. Because there is no metal binder phase in the carbide, binderless carbide is very difficult to sinter. But with the advanced sintering technology’ s invention, such as hot isostatic pressing (HIP), spark plasma sintering (SPS), and the development of submicro, nano powder manufacturing technology, pure WC, WC-TiC-TaC, WC-SiC, WC-MoC-SiC and other binderless carbides have emerged. These materials are gradually used in some fields requiring high precision, high hardness, high Young ’ s modulus and high corrosion resistance, such as precision optical mould, blast nozzle, nuclear industry seal, etc. In this paper, we introduced several binderless carbides and their applications, and has made a simple prospect for future development.%无粘结相硬质合金与传统的WC-Co硬质合金相比有着更高的硬度、弹性模量，同时耐腐蚀性和耐磨性也有着大幅的提高。由于没有金属粘结相的存在，无粘结相硬质合金的致密烧结十分困难。但是随着热等静压烧结( HIP)、放电等离子烧结( SPS)等先进烧结技术的发明及亚微、纳米粉末制造技术的进步，纯WC、 WC-TiC-TaC、 WC-SiC、 WC-MoC-SiC等多种无粘结相硬质合金不断涌现。这些材料被逐步运用在精密光学模具、喷砂嘴、核工业密封件等要求高精度、高硬度、高弹性模量、高耐腐蚀性的领域。主要对各种无粘结相硬质合金的性能及应用进行简单介绍，并对未来的发展方向做简单的展望。