2013年春季崂山湾浮游植物群落及其环境控制

摘要

2013年春季(3、4、5月)对崂山湾海域浮游植物群落及其理化环境进行了3个航次的调查研究。共鉴定浮游植物40属75种,硅藻是调查区主要的浮游植物类群；浮游植物细胞丰度平均为1.27×106个/m3,3月份的平均丰度显著高于4、5月份(P<0.01)；优势种主要为冰河拟星杆藻(Asterionopsis glacialis)、加拉星平藻(Asteroplanus karianus)、密联角毛藻(Chaetoceros densus)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans),浮游植物群落演替明显,由3月份硅藻控制逐步过渡到4、5月份硅/甲藻共同控制；相对较低的硝酸盐水平是导致4、5月份浮游植物丰度显著低于3月份的主要原因；物种–环境数据的冗余分析(RDA)结果显示,温度、硝酸盐含量是控制崂山湾春季浮游植物分布的重要环境因子。%Based on the surveys carried out in the Laoshan Bay during spring (March, April and May) of 2013, we studied the phytoplankton community in association with the ambient environment in this area. The results indi-cated that a total of 75 species (40 genera) were found from the samples collected, and diatoms were the predomi-nant forms in the community. The averaged phytoplankton cell abundance was 1.27×106 cells/m3, with the mean value in March was significantly higher than those in April and May (P<0.01). The dominant species wereAste-rionopsis glacialis,Asteroplanus karianus,Chaetoceros densus andNoctiluca scintillans. The succession of the phytoplankton community was obvious, from the diatom-control in March to the co-control of diatom and dinoflagellate in April and May. The decrease of phytoplankton abundance in April and May was related to the rela-tive low concentration of nitrate in the seawater. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of the species and environment cor-relation showed that temperature and nitrate were the main environmental factors in controlling the phytoplankton distribution in spring of 2013.