The Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) was introduced into China from Japan in 1980s. Since then, the Pacific Oyster culture has been one of the important mollusks in China. Microsatellite (Simple Sequence Repeats, SSRs) sequences were screened from the whole genome, which has advantage over the traditional microsatellite- screening method including the scope, number and type of microsatellites. Primers were designed for one hundred and four SSR loci derived from genome microsatellite sequences. Fifty-four primer pairs amplified the target DNA fragments and 34 primer pairs were polymorphic in the Pacific Oyster, accounting for 51.9% and 32.7% of the total designed SSR loci. The polymorphisms of these loci were analyzed in 48 individuals from a natural population. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8 with average of 5.0. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.0652 to 0.7955, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.063 8 to 0.853 4. Seven of 34 microsatellite markers accord with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), and 27 markers show more or less bias from HWE. These SSRs can be used in inheritance cross-breeding, linkage genetic mapping, and other domains in the species.%长牡蛎于20世纪80年代从日本引进中国.在我国,长牡蛎已经成为重要的贝类养殖产业之一.本实验从全基因组上筛查微卫星序列,在微卫星筛查的范围、数目和类型上是传统的富集文库法开发微卫星所无法比拟的.利用基因组微卫星序列总共设计了104对引物,54对引物能扩增出目的片段,其中有34对引物显示多态性扩增,占32.7％,20对引物显示单态性扩增,占19.2％.在自然群体48个个体样本中分析了这些位点的多态性,结果表明:等位基因数目在2～8之间,观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别在0.065 2～0.795 5和0.063 8～0.853 4之间.34对微卫星分子标记中有7对符合哈迪一温伯格平衡,27对或多或少的偏离平衡.微卫星分子标记可以用作分子遗传育种、遗传连锁图谱的构建、种群遗传结构的分析、亲缘关系分析等方面.
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