日本蟳雌性越冬期各组织蛋白质和脂肪含量的变化研究

摘要

Changes of protein and lipid in hepatopancreas, muscle and ovary were examined in female crab, Charybdis japonica during the overwintering period. The results showed that (1)Hepatopancreas index (HIS)declined significantly during the overwintering period, while the change of gonadosomatic index (GSI)was just opposite, and HIS had a signifi-cantly negative correlation with GSI; (2)The proportions in terms of lipid and protein dry weights in ovary increased signifi-cantly and had a notable positive correlation with GSI, and had a significantly negative correlation with those of lipid and pro-tein dry weights in hepatopancreas respectively, which indicated that a part of the lipid and protein in hepatopancreas was used for ovarian development during the overwintering period; (3)The proportions of lipid and protein dry weights in hep-atopancreas declined remarkably with the overwintering time continuing, and the former reduced significantly at the early stage, however the lipid concentrations showed significant decline in the last part of winter. The correlative analysis showed that the proportion of lipid dry weight in hepatopancreas had a significantly positive correlation with the HIS, but the protein did not have such a trait; (4)The proportion of protein dry weight in muscle increased slightly during the period. The pro-portion of lipid dry weight in muscle had low concentrations, far less in hepatopancreas, and did not seem to indicate a sig-nificant difference; (5)Protein was mainly mobilized to provide energy in the early winter. With the overwintering time continuing, fat as stable energy material replaced protein gradually and became the main metabolic energy.%对日本蟳雌性越冬期肝胰腺、肌肉和卵巢中的蛋白质和脂肪含量的变化进行研究。结果表明：（1）越冬期肝胰腺指数（HIS）明显下降，卵巢指数（GSI）显著性增加（P<0.05），HIS和GSI的变化呈显著负相关性。（2）卵巢中蛋白质和脂肪占干重的百分比在越冬期均有极显著性增加（P<0.01），与GSI均呈显著负相关性，而与肝胰腺中蛋白质和脂肪占干重的百分比分别呈显著负相关，这说明肝胰腺中的部分脂肪和蛋白可能转移到卵巢中参与其发育。（3）肝胰腺中蛋白质和脂肪占干重的百，脂肪占干重百分比在越冬后期下降幅度显著，且脂肪占干重百分比与HIS呈极显著性正相关，蛋白质占干重百分比与HIS无显著相关。（4）肌肉中蛋白占干重百分比在越冬期间略有上升（P>0.05）；而其脂肪占干重百分比较低，与肝胰腺中的脂肪占干重百分比相差较大，越冬期间略有下降（P>0.05）。（5）日本蟳在越冬前期消耗的能量主要来源于蛋白质，随着越冬时间延长，脂肪作为稳定的能源物质逐渐取代了蛋白质，成为主要的代谢能源。