According to different pattern of summer rainfall in Shandong, the characteristics of abnormal atmo-pheric circulation in previous winter and spring, SST (Sea Surface Temperautre) in previous autumn, winter and spring are studied by using composite analysis method. The results show that there are obvious difference in early atmospheric circulation and SST among different rainfall patterns. For wetter rainfall pattern in large scale, the zonal circulation in mid-high latitude of Eurasia changes to meridional type and warm phase of SST in middle-east equator Pacific Ocean decreases or changes to cool phase fromearly winter to early spring. Meanwhile, the west Pacific subtropical high becomes weaker from previous December to early spring and becomes stronger from April to May. For dryer rainfall pattern in large scale, the characteristics is opposite to that of the wetter rainfall. For wetter rainfall pattern in the east Pacific and dryer rainfall in the west Pacific, the subtropical high keeps weaker in previous winter and spring, the zonal circulation is found in mid-high latitude of Eurasia and North America, and the La Nina event continues in previous autumn and winter and becomes weaker in spring. For wetter rainfall pattern in the west Pacific and dryer rainfall pattern in the east Pacifc, it shows opposite characteristics.%采用合成分析原理,研究了山东夏季降水不同分布型的前期冬、春季大气环流及前期秋、冬、春季海温场特征.结果表明,不同降水分布型在前期的大气环流及海温场中表现出了较大差异,同多型表现为欧亚中高纬环流由前冬12月的纬向型,隆冬到初春转为经向型,西太平洋副高隆冬到初春偏弱,春季4-5月转为偏强,海温场则表现为赤道中东太平洋地区前期秋冬季的暖水位相到春季减弱或转换为冷水位相；而同少型则基本相反；东多西少型前期冬春季西太平洋副高持续偏弱,欧亚中高纬和北美地区盛行经向环流,海温场上则表现为从上年秋冬季为拉尼娜状态,而春季明显减弱；西多东少型基本相反.
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