起重机起升机构永磁涡流制动特性仿真分析

摘要

The fuudamental of permanent magnet eddy braking is analyzed and the math model about the parameters of braking torque,the number of the magnet pole pair,the thickness and bottom diameter of the magnet and so on is developed on the basis of electromagnetic theory.Additionally,the results of math model and Ansoft Maxwell are analyzed to verify the correctness and the practicability.The influence mechanism of the number of the magnet pole pair,the thickness and bottom diameter of the magnet and so on to the braking torque is explored to gain the characteristic relation among them.The dynamic model is developed according to the characteristic of gantry crane and design the parameter of the permanent magnet eddy current brake.At the last,the simulation of the dynamics is performed to provide the basis to the design of permauent magnet eddy current brake of the crane.%基于电磁学理论分析了永磁涡流制动基本原理,建立了制动力矩关于永磁体充磁厚度和底面直径、磁极对数、感应盘厚度、空气间隙厚度等参数的数学模型.对比分析了解析计算与Ansoft Maxwell仿真结果,验证了数学模型的准确性和实用性.探究了磁极对数、永磁体厚度和底面直径、空气间隙大小及其变化规律、感应盘厚度对制动力矩的影响机理,得到了制动力矩与以上各参数之间的特征关系,并根据门式起重机结构特点建立了吊重的动力学模型.结合20UMQ门式起重机起升机构性能,设计了永磁涡流制动参数,并基于Matlab/Simulink对制动特性进行了仿真分析,为起重机起升机构永磁涡流制动的设计提供依据.